Edge and corner identification for tracking the line of sight

This article presents an edge-corner detector, implemented in the realm of the GEIST project (an Computer Aided Touristic Information System) to extract the information of straight edges and their intersections (image corners) from camera-captured (real world) and computer-generated images (from the database of Historical Monuments, using observer position and orientation data) -- Camera and computer-generated images are processed for reduction of detail, skeletonization and corner-edge detection -- The corners surviving the detection and skeletonization process from both images are treated as landmarks and fed to a matching algorithm, which estimates the sampling errors which usually contaminate GPS and pose tracking data (fed to the computer-image generatator) -- In this manner, a closed loop control is implemented, by which the system converges to exact determination of position and orientation of an observer traversing a historical scenario (in this case the city of Heidelberg) -- With this exact position and orientation, in the GEIST project other modules are able to project history tales on the view field of the observer, which have the exact intended scenario (the real image seen by the observer) -- In this way, the tourist “sees” tales developing in actual, material historical sites of the city -- To achieve these goals this article presents the modification and articulation of algorithms such as the Canny Edge Detector, SUSAN Corner Detector, 1-D and 2-D filters, etceter

Perforating freestanding molybdenum disulfide monolayers with highly charged ions

Porous single layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS$_2$) is a promising material for applications such as DNA sequencing and water desalination. In this work, we introduce irradiation with highly charged ions (HCIs) as a new technique to fabricate well-defined pores in MoS$_2$. Surprisingly, we find a linear increase of the pore creation efficiency over a broad range of potential energies. Comparison to atomistic simulations reveals the critical role of energy deposition from the ion to the material through electronic excitation in the defect creation process, and suggests an enrichment in molybdenum in the vicinity of the pore edges at least for ions with low potential energies. Analysis of the irradiated samples with atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals a clear dependence of the pore size on the potential energy of the projectiles, establishing irradiation with highly charged ions as an effective method to create pores with narrow size distributions and radii between ca. 0.3 and 3 nm.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014

The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014) is the first publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2013. It consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 200 trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classical hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing a strongly inter-linked on-line atlas including more than 300 section plots and 90 animated 3D scenes. The IDP2014 covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, exhibiting highest data density in the Atlantic. The TEI data in the IDP2014 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at cross-over stations. The digital data are provided in several formats, including ASCII spreadsheet, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. In addition to the actual data values the IDP2014 also contains data quality flags and 1-? data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked to the data in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the IDP2014 data providing section plots and a new kind of animated 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes allow for viewing of data from many cruises at the same time, thereby providing quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. In addition, the 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of observed tracer plumes, as well as for making inferences about controlling processes

Tracking einer Person im urbanen Umfeld mit Positions- und Blickrichtungsbestimmung auf Basis eines 3D-Stadtmodells

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein Verfahren entwickelt, das eine Trackingtechnik für den Außenbereich anforderungsadaptiv einem mobilen Dienst zuordnet. Darüber hinaus werden Methoden für ein videobasiertes Trackingverfahren für einen Anwender, der sich in einer Innenstadt bewegt, dargestellt. Als Referenz dient ein 3D-Stadtmodell der Umgebung

Edge and corner identification for tracking the line of sight

This article presents an edge-corner detector, implemented in the realm of the GEIST project (an Computer Aided Touristic Information System) to extract the information of straight edges and their intersections (image corners) from camera-captured (real world) and computer-generated images (from the database of Historical Monuments, using ob- server position and orientation data). Camera and computer-generated images are processed for reduction of detail, skeletonization and corner-edge detection. The corners surviving the detection and skeletonization process from both images are treated as landmarks and fed to a matching algorithm, which estimates the sampling errors which usually contaminate GPS and pose tracking data (fed to the computer-image generatator)

Edge and corner identification for tracking the line of sight

This article presents an edge-corner detector, implemented in the realm of the GEIST project (an Computer Aided Touristic Information System) to extract the information of straight edges and their intersections (image corners) from camera-captured (real world) and computer-generated images (from the database of Historical Monuments, using ob- server position and orientation data). Camera and computer-generated images are processed for reduction of detail, skeletonization and corner-edge detection. The corners surviving the detection and skeletonization process from both images are treated as landmarks and fed to a matching algorithm, which estimates the sampling errors which usually contaminate GPS and pose tracking data (fed to the computer-image generatator)

Staphylococcus aureus Exploits a Non-ribosomal Cyclic Dipeptide to Modulate Survival within Epithelial Cells and Phagocytes

Community-acquired (CA) Staphylococcus aureus cause various diseases even in healthy individuals. Enhanced virulence of CA-strains is partly attributed to increased production of toxins such as phenol-soluble modulins (PSM). The pathogen is internalized efficiently by mammalian host cells and intracellular S. aureus has recently been shown to contribute to disease. Upon internalization, cytotoxic S. aureus strains can disrupt phagosomal membranes and kill host cells in a PSM-dependent manner. However, PSM are not sufficient for these processes. Here we screened for factors required for intracellular S. aureus virulence. We infected escape reporter host cells with strains from an established transposon mutant library and detected phagosomal escape rates using automated microscopy. We thereby, among other factors, identified a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) to be required for efficient phagosomal escape and intracellular survival of S. aureus as well as induction of host cell death. By genetic complementation as well as supplementation with the synthetic NRPS product, the cyclic dipeptide phevalin, wild-type phenotypes were restored. We further demonstrate that the NRPS is contributing to virulence in a mouse pneumonia model. Together, our data illustrate a hitherto unrecognized function of the S. aureus NRPS and its dipeptide product during S. aureus infection

Mast Cells Regulate the Magnitude and the Cytokine Microenvironment of the Contact Hypersensitivity Response

The role that mast cells play during contact hypersensitivity (CS) response is unclear because some studies have shown that mast cell-deficient mice have relatively intact CS responses whereas others have shown opposing results. Mast cells secrete a wide range of immunomodulatory mediators and can potentially influence the type of immune response generated in the skin during CS. Therefore, we examined the type of microenvironment generated during CS in both W/Wv mast cell-deficient and wild-type mice in response to different immunizing doses of hapten (oxazolone). The CS response elicited after low-dose oxazolone was significantly diminished in W/Wv mice compared with wild-type mice. Unexpectedly, the CS response elicited in W/Wv mice immunized with high-dose oxazolone was more severe compared with wild-type mice. In addition, after immunization with high-dose oxazolone, the granulocyte infiltrate in W/Wv mice was increased by twofold compared with wild-type mice. A shift in the cytokine milieu toward the expression of type-1 cytokines as well as a significant increase in the local adhesion of neutrophils and CD4 T cells in the microvasculature of the skin was observed after hapten challenge in W/Wv mice immunized with high-dose oxazolone compared with wild-type mice. These results suggest that mast cells can act as regulators and inducers of the inflammatory response depending on immunizing stimulus strength